Riba Al-Fazal [font, alqalamreg, (ربا/ ربوٰالفضل)

It refers to the excess or unequal exchange of similar commodities in a hand-to-hand transaction, where an unjustified surplus is given or received in items of the same category. This type of riba occurs in the barter of weighable or measurable goods (such as gold, silver, wheat, barley, dates, and salt) when the exchanged quantities are not equal or are done on the basis of delayed payment. It is prohibited in Islam to prevent exploitation, unfair advantage, and indirect usury in trade. The prohibition ensures that transactions are fair, just, and free from hidden interest, maintaining economic stability and ethical business practices.